Cobra Electronics Marine Battery CPI 475 User Manual

10272-CPI475_PH2.qxd 7/9/07 11:30 AM Page 1  
Our Thanks to You  
Our Thanks to You  
Introduction  
Thank you for purchasing the Cobra CPI 475  
inverter. Properly used, this Cobra product will  
give you many years of reliable service.  
How Your Cobra Power Inverter Works  
Operating Instructions  
The Cobra power inverter is an electronic product that  
has been designed and built to take low voltage DC (Direct  
Current) power from your automobile or other low voltage  
power supplies and convert it to standard 115 Volt AC  
(Alternating Current) power like the current you have in  
your home. This conversion process thereby allows you  
to use many of your household appliances and electronic  
products in automobiles, RVs, boats, tractors, trucks and  
virtually anywhere else.  
The Cobra line of quality  
products includes:  
Customer Assistance  
Customer Assistance  
CB Radios  
microTALK Radios  
Radar/Laser Detectors  
Safety Alert Traffic Warning Systems  
Should you encounter any problems with this product,  
or not understand its many features, please refer to this  
owner’s manual. If you require further assistance after  
reading this manual, Cobra Electronics offers the  
following customer assistance services:  
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For Assistance in the U.S.A.  
Mobile GPS Navigation Systems  
Automated Help Desk English only.  
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24 hours a day, 7 days a week 773-889-3087 (phone).  
HighGear Accessories  
Customer Assistance Operators English and Spanish.  
8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. CT, Monday through Friday  
(except holidays) 773-889-3087 (phone).  
Questions English and Spanish.  
Faxes can be received at 773-622-2269 (fax).  
Technical Assistance English only.  
English and Spanish. productinfo@cobra.com (e-mail).  
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CobraMarine VHF Radios  
CobraMarine Chartplotters  
Power Inverters  
Accessories  
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For Assistance Outside the U.S.A.  
For more information or to  
order any of our products,  
please visit our website:  
400 WATT POWER INVERTER  
Contact Your Local Dealer  
©2008 Cobra Electronics Corporation  
6500 West Cortland Street  
Printed in China  
Part No. 480-397-P  
Version A  
Chicago, Illinois 60707 USA  
CPI 475  
A1  
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Important Safety Information  
Introduction  
Important Safety Information  
Before installing and using your Cobra power inverter,  
please read these general precautions and warnings.  
Caution and Warning Statements  
To make the most of this inverter, it must be installed and  
used properly. Please read the installation and operating  
instructions carefully before installing and using it. Special  
attention must be paid to the CAUTION and WARNING  
statements in the manual.  
CAUTION Statements specify conditions which  
could cause damage to the unit or other equipment.  
WARNING Statements identify conditions that  
could result in personal injury or loss of life.  
General Precautions  
1. Never install the inverter in a boat’s  
engine compartment where gas and  
battery fumes are present.  
2. Do not operate the inverter if it has been  
dropped or damaged in any way.  
3. Do not open the inverter; it contains no user-  
serviceable parts. Attempting to service unit  
could cause electrical shock.  
NOTE Internal components remain  
charged after all power is disconnected.  
4. Do not expose the inverter to rain, snow,  
bilge water or spray.  
5. Do not obstruct the ventilation openings.  
6. Do not install the inverter in zero-clearance  
compartment.  
CAUTION This inverter should be used in  
negative ground applications only.  
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Quick Evaluation  
Before Installation  
Important Safety Information  
Introduction  
Introduction  
Cobra 400 Watt Output Waveform  
WARNING Power inverters contain components  
that can produce arcs or sparks. To prevent fire  
or explosion, do not install the inverter in areas or  
compartments containing batteries or flammable  
materials or in locations that require ignition-  
protected equipment.  
Some very sensitive electronic equipment may not operate  
satisfactory on “square wave” or “modified sine wave.”  
The output waveform is referred to as “square wave” or  
“modified sine wave.” It is a stepped waveform designed to  
have characteristics similar to the sine wave shape of utility  
power. A waveform of this nature is suitable for most AC  
loads (including linear and switching power suppliers used  
in electronic equipment, transformers and motors).  
WARNING To reduce the risk of fire, do not cover  
or obstruct the ventilation openings. Do not install  
inverter in zero-clearance compartment.  
Quick Evaluation Before Installation  
Warning: Wash Hands After Handling Power Cord  
This section provides you with basic information about the  
inverter and how to check its performance before installation.  
Be sure to have on hand:  
The power cord on this product contains lead, a chemical  
known in the state of California to cause birth defects or  
other reproductive harm.  
£ A 12 volt DC power source (such as a vehicle battery).  
Caution: Rechargeable Appliances  
The power source must provide  
between 11 and 15 volts DC and  
be able to supply enough current to  
run the test load. As a rough guide,  
divide the wattage of the test load by  
10 to get the current (in amperes)  
the power source must deliver.  
Power Supply  
Certain chargers for small nickel cadmium batteries can be  
damaged if connected to the Cobra 400 watt inverter. Two  
particular types of equipment are prone to this problem:  
1. Small battery-operated appliances  
Plug In Directly  
such as flashlights, razors, and  
night lights that can be plugged  
directly into an AC receptacle to  
recharge.  
£ The provided two foot cigarette lighter cable and  
two foot direct-to-battery 12 gauge cable.  
2. Certain battery chargers for  
battery packs used in hand power  
tools. These chargers have a  
WARNING label stating that  
dangerous voltages are present  
at the battery terminals.  
Dangerous Voltages  
Only use the cables provided with your inverter.  
The cigarette lighter cable is suitable for operating the  
inverter at loads up to 150 watts. Connect by securely  
inserting the plug into the cigarette lighter socket.  
Cig. Lighter Cable  
12 Gauge Cable  
This problem does not occur with the vast majority of  
battery operated equipment. Most use a separate charger  
or transformer that is plugged into the AC receptacle and  
produces a low voltage output. If the label on the AC  
adapter or charger states that it produces a low voltage  
AC or DC output (less than 30 volts), the inverter will  
have no problem powering the adapter safely.  
CAUTION Do not use the cigarette lighter cable  
for loads higher than 150 watts. When connecting  
loads larger than 150 watts, please connect the  
inverter directly to the battery.  
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Quick Evaluation  
Installation  
Before Installation  
Requirements  
Introduction  
Installation  
Installation Requirements  
The inverter must be installed in an area that meets  
all of the following requirements:  
Test Load  
£A test load that can  
be plugged into the AC  
receptacle on the inverter  
for short term testing at  
a low power level.  
A. Dry  
Do not place in an area where water can drip  
or splash on the inverter.  
To check your inverter’s performance before installation:  
1. Turn the inverter off (see page 11  
B. Cool  
On/Off Switch to Off  
for details). If the power source is  
a DC power supply, switch it off  
as well.  
Ambient air temperature should be between 30°F  
and 105°F (0°C and 40°C). The cooler the better.  
C. Ventilate  
2. Connect cables to power  
Allow at least one inch (three cm) of clearance  
around the inverter for proper airflow. Make sure  
that ventilation openings on the ends of the unit  
are not obstructed.  
input terminals (see page 6  
Connect Terminals  
for details).  
3. Connect cable to power source  
(see page 8 for details).  
4. Check to make sure all  
connections are secure.  
5. Turn the inverter on. If the  
power source is a DC power  
supply, switch it on first.  
CAUTION To avoid fire, do not cover or obstruct  
ventilation openings. Do not install inverter in a zero-  
clearance compartment. Overheating may result.  
CAUTION The inverter must only be connected to  
batteries with a nominal output voltage of 12 volts.  
It will not work with a 6 volt battery, and will be  
damaged if it is connected to a 16 volt battery.  
Connect Power Source  
On/Off Switch to On  
Connect Test Load  
6. Plug in the test load.  
The inverter should supply power  
to the load. If the inverter is not  
working properly, refer to the  
troubleshooting guide on page 14  
or power and protection indicators  
section on page 12.  
WARNING This unit contains components which  
can produce arcs or sparks. To prevent fire or  
explosion, do not install in compartments containing  
a battery or flammable materials, or in a location  
which requires ignition protected equipment.  
USB Connection  
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Mounting and  
Connecting Cables  
Connecting Cables  
Installation  
Installation  
Mounting  
2. Connect cable to the Power Input Terminals on  
right side panel of the inverter. The red terminal is  
positive (+) and the black terminal is negative (-).  
Insert the ends of the cables onto the terminals  
and tighten the screws to clamp the cables safely.  
To mount your inverter:  
1. Place the inverter on a flat surface with the mounting  
bracket against the mounting surface.  
Mounting Brackets  
Connect Terminals  
2. Mount to secure surface using mounting hardware  
3. Connect cable to your vehicle’s cigarette lighter socket.  
that is corrosion resistant (not included).  
Connect Power Source  
Mounting Hardware  
NOTE If the inverter is to be used at levels above  
150 watts for extended periods of time, a direct  
connection to the battery is recommended. Do  
not use the cigarette cord for loads higher than  
150 watts. Please contact your local dealer or  
customer assistance for the proper cord for  
direct to battery connections.  
The inverter can be mounted horizontally or vertically.  
Connecting Cables  
Power wire and wiring are very important to the  
performance of the inverter. Because the inverter has a  
low voltage, high current input, low resistance wiring is  
essential between the battery and inverter. This is so it  
can deliver the maximum amount of energy to the load.  
Only use the cables provided with your power inverter.  
CAUTION Reverse polarity connections (positive  
to negative) will blow inverter fuses and may  
permanently damage the unit. Such damage  
is not covered by the warranty.  
CAUTION Remove any jewelry (watch, ring, etc.).  
Be careful not to short circuit the battery with any  
metallic object (wrench, etc.).  
To connect the cables between  
the inverter and the battery:  
On/Off Switch to Off  
1. Turn the On/Off Switch on the  
inverter to the off position. If the  
power source is a DC power  
supply, switch it off as well.  
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Connecting Cables  
Connecting Cables  
Installation  
Installation  
WARNING You may observe a spark when making  
the connection because current can flow to charge  
the capacitors in the inverter. Do not make this  
connection in the presence of flammable fumes.  
Explosion or fire may result. Thoroughly ventilate  
the battery compartment before making this  
connection.  
CAUTION Do not connect the inverter and another  
AC source (such as a generator or utility power)  
to the AC wiring at the same time. The inverter  
will be damaged if its output is connected to  
AC voltage from another source. Damage can  
even occur if the inverter is switched off.  
CAUTION Do not connect the inverter to an AC  
branch circuit that has high-power consumption loads.  
It will not operate electric heaters, air conditioners,  
stoves, and other electrical appliances that consume  
more than 400 watts.  
3. Connect cable to the power source:  
a. Connect the cable from the Negative (Black)  
Terminal of inverter to the Negative Terminal  
of the power source. Make a secure connection.  
b. Connect the cable from the Positive (Red) Terminal  
of the inverter to the Positive Terminal of the power  
source (the battery’s main fuse or the battery  
selector switch, if you are using one). Make a  
secure connection.  
CAUTION Loose connectors result in excessive  
voltage drop and may cause over heated wires  
and melted insulation.  
CAUTION Reverse polarity connections (positive  
to negative) will blow external fuse in the inverter  
and may permanently damage the unit. Such  
damage is not covered by the warranty.  
You might observe a spark when you make this connection  
since current can flow to charge capacitors in the inverter.  
CAUTION Remove any jewelry (watch, ring, etc.).  
Be careful not to short circuit the battery with  
any metallic object (wrench, etc.).  
All power connections to your Cobra inverter must  
be Positive to Positive and Negative to Negative.  
Connect Power Source  
WARNING 115 volt AC power is potentially lethal.  
Do not work on AC wiring when it is connected to  
the inverter (even if it is switched off) unless the  
DC power source is physically disconnected from  
the inverter. Also, do not work on AC wiring if it is  
connected to another AC power source such as  
a generator or the utility line.  
WARNING You may observe a spark when making  
the connection because current can flow to charge  
the capacitors in the inverter. Do not make this  
connection in the presence of flammable fumes.  
Explosion or fire may result. Thoroughly ventilate the  
battery compartment before making this connection.  
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Power Consumption  
Power On and Off  
Installation  
Operation  
Power Consumption  
Turning Your Inverter On or Off  
For each piece of equipment you will be operating from the  
inverter, you must determine the battery’s reserve capacity  
(how long the battery can deliver a specific amount of  
current — in automotive batteries, usually 25 amperes)  
or ampere-hour capacity (a measure of how many amperes  
a battery can deliver for a specified length of time).  
Example – Reserve capacity: a battery with a reserve  
capacity of 180 minutes can deliver 25 amperes for  
180 minutes before it is completely discharged.  
Be sure to have your power inverter properly installed before  
attempting to turn the unit on (see installation page 5).  
To turn the power inverter on:  
On/Off Switch to On  
1. If a DC power supply is being  
used as the power source, switch  
it on.  
2. On the left side panel, switch the  
On/Off Switch to on.  
The inverter is now ready to deliver AC power to your loads.  
If several loads are to be operated by the inverter, turn them  
on separately, after the inverter has been turned on. This will  
ensure that the inverter does not have to deliver the starting  
currents required for all the loads at once.  
Example – Ampere-hour capacity: a battery with an  
ampere-hour capacity of 100 ampere-hours can deliver 5  
amperes for 20 hours before it is completely discharged.  
To determine the battery ampere-hour  
capacity you require:  
1. Determine how many watts each piece of equipment  
consumes. This can normally be found on the product  
label. If only the current draw is given, multiply the  
current draw by 115 to get the watt consumption.  
To turn the power inverter off:  
On/Off Switch to Off  
1. On the left side panel,  
switch the On/Off Switch  
to off.  
2. Estimate the time (in hours) that each piece of equipment  
NOTE The On/Off Switch turns the control circuit  
in the inverter on and off. It does not disconnect  
power from the inverter.  
will be running between battery charging cycles.  
3. Calculate the total watt-hours of energy consumption  
(power x operating time) using the average power  
consumption and the total estimated running time  
(in hours). Power x Operating Time = Watt-Hours.  
When the switch is in the off position, the inverter  
draws no current from the battery. When it’s in the  
on position, but no power is being supplied to the  
load, the inverter draws less than 500 milliamperes  
from the battery. This is low current draw. It would  
take more than a week to discharge a 100 ampere-  
hour battery at this rate depending on the age of  
the battery.  
Laptop  
TV/VCR (up to 25")  
Blender  
50 watts x 2 hours  
= 100 watt-hours  
115 watts x 3 hours 300 watts x 15 minutes  
= 345 watt-hours = 75 watt-hours  
4. Divide the watt-hours by 10 to determine how many  
power supply’s (12 volt) ampere-hours will be consumed.  
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Power and Protection  
Indicators  
Operating Limits  
Operation  
Operation  
Power and Protection Indicators  
Operating Limits  
Power Output  
The power and protection indicators include a green  
light, a red light and an alarm.  
The inverter can deliver 400 watts for about 60 minutes.  
The inverter must cool for 15 minutes before it can  
resume operation at 400 watts. Note: The wattage  
rating applies to resistive loads.  
Green Light  
Power on – The green light should remain on steady.  
Red Light and/or Alarm  
The inverter will operate most AC loads within its power  
rating. Some induction motors used in freezers, pumps,  
and other motor-operated equipment require very high  
surge currents to start. The inverter may not be able  
to start some of these motors even though their rated  
current draw is within the inverter’s limits. The inverter  
will normally start single phase induction motors rated  
at one-half HP or less.  
Current overload – The red light will blink continuously,  
then the inverter will shutdown. The inverter will continue  
to check for appropriate current levels while trying to  
restart the load.  
DC input voltage overload – The red light will turn on and  
the inverter will shutdown. The inverter will continue to  
check for appropriate voltage levels while trying to restart  
the load.  
DC input voltage shortage – As a warning that the voltage  
is getting low, the internal alarm will sound. When the  
voltage is too low, the inverter will shutdown and the red  
light will turn on. The inverter will continue to check for  
appropriate voltage levels while trying to restart the load.  
Temperature overload – The red light will blink, then the  
inverter will shutdown. The inverter will continue to check  
for appropriate temperature levels while trying to restart  
the load.  
Input Voltage  
The inverter will operate from input voltage ranging  
from 10 volts to 15 volts. Optimum performance will  
occur when the voltage is between 12 volts and 14 volts.  
If the voltage drops below 10.5V+/-0.3V, an audible low  
battery warning will sound. The inverter will shut down if  
the input voltage drops below 9.5V+/-0.3V. This protects  
the battery from being over-discharged. It will restart when  
the input voltage exceeds 12V+/-0.3V.  
The inverter will also shut down if the input voltage  
exceeds 15.75V+/-0.75V. This protects the inverter  
against excessive input voltage. Although the inverter  
has protection against over-voltage, it may still be  
damaged if the input voltage were to exceed 16 volts.  
NOTE A momentary sound of the internal alarm  
and/or flash of the red light is normal at start up.  
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Troubleshooting Guide  
Specifications  
Operation  
Operation  
Troubleshooting Guide  
Specifications  
Problem/Symptom Possible Causes  
Low output voltage Overload  
No output voltage Low input voltage Recharge battery.  
Solution  
Reduce the load.  
Continuous output power (1 hour) . . . . . . . . . . . . 400W  
Surge rating (0.1 second) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800W  
Peak efficiency (12V – 1⁄2 load) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 88%  
Efficiency (full load, 12V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 83%  
No load current draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . < 0.5A (12.6V)  
Output waveform (resistive load) . . . Modified sine wave  
Output frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58HZ – 62HZ  
Output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109V – 120V  
USB output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5V  
Input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4VDC – 14.4VDC  
Alarm voltage (unload) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.2V – 10.8V  
Shutdown voltage (unload) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2V – 9.8V  
Operating temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C – 40°C  
(32°F – 104°F)  
Check connections  
and cable.  
No output voltage Thermal  
after prolonged use shutdown  
Allow inverter  
to cool off.  
Reduce load,  
continuous  
operation input  
current required.  
Improve ventilation;  
Make sure ventilation  
openings in the  
inverter are not  
obstructed.  
Storage temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C – 85°C  
(-40°F – 185°F)  
Protection . . . . . . . . . .Overload, short-circuit, overtemp,  
reverse polarity, under/over voltage  
Reduce ambient  
temperature.  
Make sure  
the inverter is  
connected to  
12V battery.  
No output voltage, High input  
“Protect” indicator voltage  
lighted  
Notes  
All protection is automatically recovered.  
To protect the battery, if the unit needs to be restarted  
after low voltage protection, the voltage of DC input  
should be above 12V.  
To extend the life of the fan, it will stop when there is no  
load. The speed of the fan increases as the load increases.  
Check regulation  
of charging system.  
No output voltage Short circuit  
Check load for  
proper operation.  
Replace fuse.  
No power to  
inverter  
Blown fuse  
The unit is completely insulated in input and output for  
added safety.  
Low battery alarm Poor DC wiring  
on all the time  
Check  
connections.  
Poor battery  
condition  
Make sure battery  
is fully charged.  
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Warranty and Trademark  
Acknowledgement  
Warranty  
Limited Two-Year Warranty  
For Products Purchased in the U.S.A.  
Cobra Electronics Corporation warrants that its Cobra power  
inverter, and the component parts thereof, will be free of defects  
in workmanship and materials for a period of two years from the  
date of first consumer purchase. This warranty may be enforced by  
the first consumer purchaser, provided that the product is utilized  
within the U.S.A.  
Cobra will, without charge, repair or replace, at its option, defective  
power inverters, products or component parts upon delivery to the  
Cobra Factory Service department, accompanied by proof of the  
date of first consumer purchase, such as a duplicated copy of a  
sales receipt.  
You must pay any initial shipping charges required to ship the  
product for warranty service, but the return charges will be at  
Cobra’s expense, if the product is repaired or replaced under  
warranty. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you  
may also have other rights which may vary from state to state.  
Exclusions: This limited warranty does not apply:  
1. To any product damaged by accident.  
2. In the event of misuse or abuse of the product or  
as a result of unauthorized alterations or repairs.  
3. If the serial number has been altered, defaced, or removed.  
4. If the owner of the product resides outside the U.S.A.  
All implied warranties, including warranties of merchantability  
and fitness for a particular purpose are limited in duration to the  
length of this warranty. Cobra shall not be liable for any incidental,  
consequential or other damages; including, without limitation, to  
damages resulting from loss of use or cost of installation.  
Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied  
warranty lasts and/or do not allow the exclusion or limitation  
of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations  
may not apply to you.  
For Products Purchased Outside the U.S.A.  
Please contact your local dealer for warranty information.  
Trademark Acknowledgement  
Cobra®, Nothing Comes Close to a Cobra® and the snake design  
are registered trademarks of Cobra Electronics Corporation, USA.  
Cobra Electronics Corporation™ is a trademark of Cobra  
Electronics Corporation, USA.  
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